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Acts of the Apostles
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Acts of the Apostles 
 
 The title now given to the fifth and last of the historical books of
 the New Testament. The author styles it a "treatise" Ac 1:1 It was
 early called "The Acts," "The Gospel of the Holy Ghost," and "The
 Gospel of the Resurrection." It contains properly no account of any of
 the apostles except Peter and Paul.  John is noticed only three times;
 and all that is recorded of James, the son of Zebedee, is his execution
 by Herod. It is properly therefore not the history of the "Acts of the
 Apostles," a title which was given to the book at a later date, but of
 "Acts of Apostles," or more correctly, of "Some Acts of Certain
 Apostles." As regards its authorship, it was certainly the work of
 Luke, the "beloved physician" (comp.) Lu 1:1-4 Ac 1:1 This is the
 uniform tradition of antiquity, although the writer nowhere makes
 mention of himself by name. The style and idiom of the Gospel of Luke
 and of the Acts, and the usage of words and phrases common to both,
 strengthen this opinion. The writer first appears in the narrative in
 Ac 16:11 and then disappears till Paul's return to Philippi two years 
 afterwards, when he and Paul left that place together Ac 20:6 and the 
 two seem henceforth to have been constant companions to the end.  He
 was certainly with Paul at Rome Col 4:14 Ac 28:1-16 Thus he wrote 
 a great portion of that history from personal observation. For what lay
 beyond his own experience he had the instruction of Paul.  If, as is
 very probable, 2 Tim. was written during Paul's second imprisonment at 
 Rome, Luke was with him then as his faithful companion to the last 
 2Ti 4:11 Of his subsequent history we have no certain information. 
 The design of Luke's Gospel was to give an exhibition of the character 
 and work of Christ as seen in his history till he was taken up from his 
 disciples into heaven; and of the Acts, as its sequel, to give an 
 illustration of the power and working of the gospel when preached among 
 all nations, "beginning at Jerusalem." The opening sentences of the 
 Acts are just an expansion and an explanation of the closing words of 
 the Gospel.  In this book we have just a continuation of the history of 
 the church after Christ's ascension. Luke here carries on the history 
 in the same spirit in which he had commenced it.  It is only a book of 
 beginnings, a history of the founding of churches, the initial steps in 
 the formation of the Christian society in the different places visited 
 by the apostles. It records a cycle of "representative events." All 
 through the narrative we see the ever-present, all-controlling power of 
 the ever-living Saviour.  He worketh all and in all in spreading abroad 
 his truth among men by his Spirit and through the instrumentality of 
 his apostles. The time of the writing of this history may be gathered 
 from the fact that the narrative extends down to the close of the 
 second year of Paul's first imprisonment at Rome. It could not 
 therefore have been written earlier than A.D. 61 or 62 nor later than 
 about the end of A.D. 63 Paul was probably put to death during his 
 second imprisonment, about A.D. 64 or, as some think, 66 The place 
 where the book was written was probably Rome, to which Luke accompanied 
 Paul. The key to the contents of the book is in Ac 1:8 "Ye shall be 
 witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria,
 and unto the uttermost part of the earth." After referring to what had
 been recorded in a "former treatise" of the sayings and doings of Jesus
 Christ before his ascension, the author proceeds to give an account of
 the circumstances connected with that event, and then records the
 leading facts with reference to the spread and triumphs of Christianity 
 over the world during a period of about thirty years.  The record 
 begins with Pentecost (A.D. 33) and ends with Paul's first imprisonment 
 (A.D. 63 or 64) The whole contents of the book may be divided into 
 these three parts:
  1. Chaps. 1-12 describing the first twelve years of the Christian
     church. This section has been entitled "From Jerusalem to
     Antioch." It contains the history of the planting and extension
     of the church among the Jews by the ministry of Peter.
  2. Chaps. 13-21 Paul's missionary journeys, giving the history of
     the extension and planting of the church among the Gentiles.
  3. Chaps. 21-28 Paul at Rome, and the events which led to this.
     Chaps. 13-28 have been entitled "From Antioch to Rome." In this
     book it is worthy of note that no mention is made of the writing
     by Paul of any of his epistles. This may be accounted for by the
     fact that the writer confined himself to a history of the
     planting of the church, and not to that of its training or
     edification. The relation, however, between this history and the
     epistles of Paul is of such a kind, i.e., brings to light so
     many undesigned coincidences, as to prove the genuineness and
     authenticity of both, as is so ably shown by Paley in his _Horae
     Paulinae_. "No ancient work affords so many tests of veracity;
     for no other has such numerous points of contact in all
     directions with contemporary history, politics, and topography,
     whether Jewish, or Greek, or Roman." Lightfoot.
 
  See PAUL 25871
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